- Long Run Growth of Financial Data Technology
29 October 2018
"Big data" financial technology raises concerns about market inefficiency. A common concern is that the technology might induce traders to extract others' information, rather than produce information…
- Participation in Setting Technology Standards and the Implied Cost of Equity
27 August 2021
This study empirically investigates the financial market’s reaction to firms’ participation in standard setting organizations (SSOs) in terms of firms’ implied cost of equity capital – the discount…
- Market-Based Regulation and the Informational Content of Prices
17 December 2006
Various laws and policy proposals call for regulators to make use of the information reflected in market prices. We focus on a leading example of such a proposal, namely that bank supervision should…
- Why Do Supervisors Rate Banking Organizations?
10 December 2021
This article addresses a question that at first may appear simple: why do supervisors rate banking organizations? Prudential supervisors have a long-standing practice of confidentially rating the…
- CLUSTERING BANK RISK AND PERFORMANCE IN VIETNAM POLICY IMPLICATIONS FOR EARLY-WARNING SUPERVISION
Report · 4 November 2025
This study applies Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and the K-means clustering algorithm to classify commercial banks in Vietnam according to financial performance and risk characteristics during…
- Financial Liberalization and Banking Crises: A Cross-Country Analysis
23 November 2008
Several studies indicate that financial liberalization contributes to the likelihood of a financial crisis. We focus on banking crises and argue that they are most likely to occur after some degree…
- CAMELS C in Practice: Evolution from CAMEL, Regulatory Drivers, Empirical Insights, and Strategic Imperatives for India's Banking Sector
Report · 23 July 2025
This paper traces the evolution of India's banking supervision framework from the traditional CAMEL model (Capital, Asset Quality, Management, Earnings, Liquidity) to the expanded CAMELS C paradigm…
- Capital Requirements and Bank Behavior Under Imperfect Supervision
5 October 2023
This paper considers three capital policies: (Policy 1) a leverage ratio, (Policy 2) a risk-based capital ratio that depends on banks’ self-reported asset risk, and (Policy 3) a hybrid policy that…
- The Role of Prudential Supervision and Financial Restructuring of Banks During Transition to Indirect Instruments of Monetary Control
15 February 2006
This paper proposes a stylized sequencing of banking supervision and bank restructuring measures designed to complement and expedite the adoption of indirect instruments of monetary policy.…
- GSIB Status and Corporate Lending
23 December 2022
Global Systemically Important Banks (GSIBs) face additional capital requirements and closer supervision. We study how closer supervision affects corporate credit supply and investigate consequences…
- How Do Institutional Investor Cliques Affect Corporate Financialization: Supervisor or Conspirator?
26 September 2024
This research examines the influence of institutional investor cliques on corporate financialization in China by utilizing the data from 2007 to 2019 across A-share listed non-financial enterprises.…
- The Economics of Supranational Bank Supervision
6 March 2018
This paper examines the effectiveness of cooperation among bank supervisors using anovel dataset on supranational agreements among 4,278 country-pairs. Exploiting that globally operating banks are…
- Supervision by Risk and Minsky's Proposal for a Cash Flow-Oriented Bank Examination
30 August 2017
In recent statements, federal bank regulators from the OCC, FDIC, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve and Federal Reserve Banks have called for a new approach to bank examinations. The…
- EU Regulation and Supervision of Securities Business: A Critical Analysis of the Challenges Faced by the National Competent Authorities of Small EU and EEA EFTA Member States
Report · 21 February 2021
The paper aims at identifying the main challenges faced by the National Competent Authorities responsible for securities regulation and supervision of small EU and EEA EFTA Member States (SNCAs)…
- Bank Risk-Taking, Securitization, Supervision, and Low Interest Rates: Evidence from Lending Standards
18 March 2010
We analyze the root causes of the current crisis by studying the determinants of bank lending standards in the Euro Area using the answers from the confidential Bank Lending Survey, where national…
- Regulation, Supervisión and Accounting Conservatism in Banks
25 November 2015
The main purpose of this article is to evaluate the effects of the three pillars of Basel II, i.e. bank regulation, supervision and market discipline, on the timeliness of loan loss provisioning by…
- Corruption and bank risk-taking: The deterring role of Shari’ah supervision
Report · 5 October 2021
This paper investigates whether the risk-taking of Islamic banks is differently affected by corruption compared to conventional banks. Indeed, the presence of Shari’ah supervisory boards (SSBs), as a…
- Strategies for Credit Supervision and Causes of Bank Distress
Report · 5 October 2011
Credit supervision, evaluation, monitoring and control is a crucial duty of all banks today, as the absence of these can lead to bankruptcy if not checked and given the due attention that it…
- Experiences and Challenges with the Introduction of Risk-Based Supervision for Pension Funds
Report · 22 April 2011
Given the move by other financial sectors to initiating a ‘risk-based’ approach to supervision, pension supervisory authorities are also looking to adopt such methods. Following the lead of…
- Completing requirements of implementation of risk-based supervision
Report · 20 September 2023
Risk-based supervision plays an important role in banking supervision. Recently, Vietnam has not officially and completely applied the risk-based supervision due to the lack of some requirements.…
- Supervision of Financial Conglomerates : The Case of Chile
Report · 22 April 2005
This paper describes the presence of financial conglomerates and assesses the extent to which the risks they introduce to the Chilean financial system are mitigated by existing oversight arrangements…
- Risk-Based Supervision of Pension Funds in Australia
Report · 20 April 2016
This paper examines the development of risk-based supervision of pension funds in Australia. The large number of pension funds has meant that since the inception of pension fund supervision in the…
- Breaking the Deadlock: A Single Supervisor to Unshackle Europe's Capital Markets Union
14 August 2025
The debate about a European Union single market for nonbank financial services goes back decades. In recent years, the economic and strategic case for the idea, rebranded as capital markets union in…
- Transformation of Banking Regulation and Supervision Practices to Public Administration: Eliminating and Preventing Poor Governance
10 April 2025
This paper proposes a transformative approach to public administration oversight by adapting successful risk management regulation and risk-based supervision practices from the banking sector. It…
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