- The State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) invites applications for first cohort of regulatory sandbox to foster innovation
News · 28 August 2025
The SBP has established a controlled testing environment for fintech companies to trial new products under relaxed regulatory conditions, with applications open until 5 October, 2025. The initiative…
- Digital transformation of financial supervision
Report · 2 November 2025
The SFC shared a strategic vision for the digital transformation of financial supervision, highlighting how rapid technological change is reshaping business models and demanding more flexible…
- Building a Supervision Model for Open Finance: the Case of Chile
Report · 23 October 2024
The document outlines a proposed supervision model for Open Finance System (OFS) in Chile under the auspices of the Fintech Law, explaining the roles of various participants (banks, fintechs…
- Information Technology and the Increasing Efficacy of Non-Legal Sanctions in Financing Transactions
Report · 31 March 2000
This paper investigates the effect of advances in information technology on the private institutions that businesses use to resolve information asymmetries in financing transactions. It discusses…
- Integrating with Their Feet: Cross-Border Lending at the German-Austrian Border
15 April 2008
The financial integration in Europe concentrates on cross-border mergers rather than cross-border lending and emphasizes the need for harmonizing bank regulation and supervision. We study the impact…
- Improving Access to Justice in State Courts with Platform Technology
Report · 5 December 2017
ess to justice often equates to access to state courts, and for millions of Americans, using state courts to resolve their disputes — often with the government — is a real challenge. Reforms are…
- Platformisation of Finance: DeFi’s Gradual Disintermediation Effect and the Leveraging of CBDCs in Smart Supervision
Report · 23 June 2022
The prominence of DeFi information intermediaries in emerging and developing economies is occasioning a paradigm shift in traditional intermediation towards a sharing economy. While the exponential…
- Interoperability in Digital Markets: Extending the Regulatory and Technical Framework From the Financial Sector
Report · 20 October 2025
Digital services are controlled by large firms. Regulations such as the Digital Markets Act (DMA) impose an interoperability obligation on these firms to interconnect their services with other…
- ¿Cómo regular las plataformas financieras digitales? (How to Regulate Digital Financial Platforms?)
Report · 28 September 2025
The English version of this paper can be found at http://ssrn.com/abstract=4262693 Spanish Abstract: El presente artículo aborda los desafíos regulatorios de las plataformas financieras digitales.…
- Rethinking Financial Futures: Digital Trust, Inclusion, and the Next Generation of Finance
Report · 14 August 2025
In an era marked by economic uncertainty, accelerated digitalization, and rising regulatory scrutiny, the foundations of financial trust are being redefined. This white paper explores the evolving…
- Governing FinTech 4.0: BigTech, Platform Finance and Sustainable Development
4 August 2025
Over the past 150 years, finance has evolved into one of the world’s most globalized, digitized and regulated industries. Digitalization has transformed finance but also enabled new entrants over the…
- How to Find a Way out of Sandbox Trap: the Spanish Case
Report · 24 March 2023
Sandboxes are the mechanism chosen in many jurisdictions to convey the message of offering a market open to innovation. This paper begins with an introduction on innovation facilitators adopted in…
- Financial Data Governance: The Datafication of Finance, the Rise of Open Banking and the End of the Data Centralization Paradigm
Report · 6 July 2025
Finance is one of the most digitalized, globalized, and regulated sectors of the economy. Traditionally technology-intensive, the financial industry has been at the forefront of digital…
- New Finance: In Search for Analytical Framework
Report · 24 May 2025
Since the beginning of the century, modern financial systems have been experiencing a period of dynamic change. These changes have caused the uniform fabric on which the systems were based for a long…
- Big Techs and Global Financial Regulation: Intersection, Challenges, and Solutions
Report · 16 April 2025
Big Techs are globally active digital platforms or technology firms, typically consisting of more than 100 million members or users. The emergence of Big Tech in finance has the potential to offer…
- Supervisory Strategy 2025 - 2028
Strategy · 27 November 2024
The Supervisory Strategy 2025 – 2028 sets out the DNB’s priorities for the next four years, focusing on maintaining financial stability and integrity amid global uncertainty and rapid technological…
- Policymakers must enable consumer data rights and protections in financial services
Report · 19 October 2021
This report examines the accelerating momentum in the United States toward establishing robust consumer financial data rights and portability. After a decade of relative inactivity following the…
- Controversy over Google’s Privacy Sandbox shows need for an industry regulator
Blog · 22 June 2021
This blog post analyzes the regulatory challenges surrounding Google’s "Privacy Sandbox" initiative, which aims to phase out third-party cookies in the Chrome browser in favor of interest-based…
- EU-US digital cooperation: A common response to tech challenges?
Event · 10 April 2019
The US and the EU face similar challenges stemming from the digitalization of everything. Online disinformation, data protection and privacy, and artificial intelligence all pose serious questions…
- Regulating online consumer privacy and emerging technologies
Event · 13 March 2019
On March 14, the Center for Technology and Innovation at Brookings hosted a fireside chat with FTC Commissioner Noah Joshua Phillips about these and other questions related to consumer privacy and…
- Technologists deserve a greater role in government policymaking
News · 9 September 2015
This article reports on efforts by Federal Trade Commission Chairwoman Edith Ramirez to strengthen consumer privacy protection by involving technologists more directly in policymaking. Recognizing…
- FCA and Hong Kong Insurance Authority sign Fintech co-operation agreement
News · 20 September 2017
The 2017 co-operation agreement between the Financial Conduct Authority and the Hong Kong Insurance Authority marks a significant step in the creation of a seamless global regulatory environment for…
- Payments after PSD2: evolution or revolution
Speech · 9 April 2018
In this speech, Karina McTeague, Director of Retail Banking Supervision at the Financial Conduct Authority, discusses the impact of PSD2 and Open Banking as a gradual evolution rather than a sudden…
- FCA and PSR, Joint Regulatory Oversight Committee co-chairs, appoint Bryan Zhang as Strategic Working Group Chair
News · 8 August 2022
In August 2022, the Joint Regulatory Oversight Committee (JROC)—co-chaired by the FCA and the Payment Systems Regulator (PSR)—appointed Bryan Zhang as the independent chair of the Strategic Working…
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