Gender and Firm Performance around the World: The Roles of Finance, Technology, and Labor

Gender and Firm Performance around the World: The Roles of Finance, Technology, and Labor

Gender and Firm Performance around the World: The Roles of Finance, Technology, and Labor

Using the World Bank Enterprise Survey (WBES) data from 2006-2017 on 130,000 firms in 130 countries across the globe, we document that women-led firms tend to underperform men-led firms. The main contribution of this work is to shed light on three mechanisms that help explain the underperformance: finance, technology, and labor.

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